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Gunnera manicata, commonly named, Dinosaur food, is one
of the biggest and most spectacular, architectural,
herbaceous plants, commonly thought of as Giant rhubarb.
This perennial can height 6-8 feet tall and spread over 8-10
feet. Gunnera manicata is native to the cloud forests of
the Andes, mainly places like Chile, Costa Rica, and
Columbia. They can be kept in pots for a few years, but
of course won't grow as large as they would in the ground.
They can be kept growing all year in a greenhouse in
which it doesn't freeze.
These magnificent, big, bold perennials develop enormous
leaves that can grow 4-8 feet across, making this one of
the world's largest herbaceous plants. Although these
dimensions are seldom see in cultivation, 4' leaves and
plants 8' high and 12' wide are not uncommon. Growth is
fast if the plant is happy. The plant has spines or sharp
edges; use extreme caution when handling. Where Winters
are mild, the leaves will last more than 1 year but in
colder climates the leaves die-back to the roots in
Winter. During the Summer statuesque spikes of tiny
reddish-green flowers appear.
Hardiness zones 7-10, (-15°C/5°F, 1°C/35°F) in Winter.
Gunneras are considered hardy to zone 7. The leaves will
die back in zone 7 and 8 Winters, and will push up
through the mulch in the Spring, and grow larger than in
the previous year. Protect the plants from frosts during
Winter.
Plant out in moist, loamy mildly acidic soil and part
shade. Of course, such a large plant needs lots of
nutrients, so feed it in the growing season. Best in cool
Summer areas, it is rarely successful in hot or dry
climates.
Gunneras grow in specific places in the cloud forests,
namely seepage areas where there is a constant, unlimited
supply of water. Look at those leaves and imagine how
much water they can transpire. That means a lot has to be
coming in at the roots. These huge leaves act as funnels,
bogarting all the rain and funneling it right to the
middle of the plant. They grow well next to streams and
natural ponds, where their roots can get right into boggy
soil, or else they need a lot of watering throughout the
dry months.
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