Casuarina cunninghamiana, commonly known as River She-oak, is a fast-growing tree native to Australia. Known for its slender, needle-like foliage and elegant appearance, this tree is often used for erosion control and landscaping in areas with dry, sandy soils or near water sources.

This medium to large-sized tree can grow up to 15 to 25 meters in height, with a spread of 6 to 10 meters. Its distinctive, fine, green "needles" are actually modified branchlets, which give the tree a unique texture and contribute to its graceful, bushy look. River She-oak is often planted in riparian zones or as a windbreak due to its robust nature and drought tolerance.

Casuarina cunninghamiana thrives in well-drained soils and prefers full sun to partial shade. It is highly adaptable to a range of soil types, including sandy and saline soils, and can withstand dry conditions once established. The tree is relatively low-maintenance, requiring occasional watering during dry spells, and can be planted in coastal areas or along riverbanks for added resilience against erosion.

Besides its use in erosion control, River She-oak is also valued for its ornamental beauty, providing shade and a unique focal point in gardens. Its wood is used in woodworking and furniture making, and the tree's ability to improve soil fertility by fixing nitrogen makes it beneficial for planting in agroforestry systems.

Additionally, Casuarina cunninghamiana is becoming increasingly popular as a bonsai subject. Its fine, delicate foliage and attractive trunk structure make it an excellent choice for bonsai enthusiasts. The tree can be shaped into various styles, though it requires careful attention to its water needs and pruning to maintain its compact form. It thrives best in well-drained soil and should be placed in a sunny location to encourage healthy growth.

With its rapid growth, drought tolerance, and striking appearance, Casuarina cunninghamiana is an excellent choice for landscaping in challenging environments, adding both beauty and functionality to your outdoor space. Its potential as a bonsai also offers a unique way to appreciate this tree in smaller, more manageable forms.